This highvelocity hardening technique is used extensively in the railroad industry for metal track switches. Independent variables forming processes consist of independent and dependent variables independent variables are the aspects of the processes that the engineer or. Applications and capabilities of explosive forming. Various techniques explosive forming operations can be divided into two groups, depending on the position of the explosive charge. Standoff method in this method, the explosive charge is located at some predetermined distance from the workpiece and the energy is transmitted through an intervening medium like air, oil, or water. Microstructure evolution in metal forming processes 1st. Detonation of the explosive forces the workpiece to assume the shape of the tool. Therefore, in press forming, some problems often occur.
Explosive forming has been used most widely both commercial and military types of explosives for producing parts from sheet metal. Fundamentals of metal forming outline 9mechanical properties example 9overview of metal forming 9cold working strain hardening 9annealing recrystallization 9temperature in metal forming. Explosive forming article about explosive forming by the. The explosive energy replaces the male part of the tool that is used in regular forming processes. Since the forming of the metal occurs so quickly, desirable materials for herf will be ductile at high deformation speeds.
Creation of a sealed structure via shearing, flanging, and hemming duration. Metal properties, char, uses, and codes od1643 lesson 1task 1 some cases, it may consist of one or more metals and a nonmetal. Explosive forming a method of forming metals, mainly sheet. Manganese steels can be hardened by detonating the flexible sheet in contact with the metal surface. Metal forming is the main method of making metal products and semifinished products. Explosion forming experts 3d metal forming are joining materia at the prototyping 2015 event in kortrijk, belgium october 2829 with a special presentation of one of their explosive objects. Explosive forming process high energy rate forming process. Explosive forming is best described as a these shortrun applications are the short lead process in which metal parts are formed by the times required and minimum expenditures for high pressures resulting from the detonation of tooling. Jun 04, 2018 explosive forming process, explosive forming process ppt, explosive forming process in hindi, explosive forming process animation, explosive forming 2018, explosive forming titanium, explosive forming. Explosive forming definition of explosive forming by the.
Some of the original topics have been omitted or given in an abbreviated form in appendices. This process, while not a panacea for all metalworking problems, appears to be well established as a compliment to other. Explosive forming between 1968 and 1972, arpa supported an effort proposed by the university of denver to use explosives for forming metal parts for aerospace applications. Metal forming, third edition this book is designed to help the engineer understand the principles of metal forming and analyze forming problems both the mechanics of forming processes and how. Pdf explosive forming of aerospace components researchgate.
Cutting and forming thin sheets of metal usually performed as cold working sheet metal 0. Sometimes called explosive hydroforming, a workpiece and explosive is placed in a tank of water. Oct 25, 2016 advantages o it can simulate a variety of other conventional metal forming techniques such as stamp or press forming and spin forming in a single operation. Explosive forming an overview sciencedirect topics. It can be used on materials for which a press setup would be prohibitively large or require an. The difficulties encountered in producing sheet metal parts of unusual size and complexity in special alloys gave urgency to the search for improved forming. It can be used on materials for which a press setup would be prohibitively large or require an unreasonably high pressure, and is generally much cheaper than building a large enough and sufficiently highpressure press. Using fem analysis describes metal forming theory and how experimental techniques can be used to study any metal forming operation with great accuracy. Pdf tno is involved in development of the explosive forming technology for the fabrication of metal sheets and plates. Combining forging forming with alternative production technologies can enable next generation products opportunities exist to break the economic barrier of tooling and provide flexible and. Explosive forming is the forming of sheet metal using explosive materials. The current technology predominately used in automotive panel manufacturing is conventional stamping, which includes drawing, piercing, trimming, and flanging. System will have an effective working sheet area of 2.
Applications and capabilities of explosive forming request pdf. Pdf study on explosive forming of aluminum alloy researchgate. The history and fundamentals of explosive forming of metals are discussed. The various types and forms of explosives available are described. Progress in blankholder systems in the pulsating blankholder system the blankholder is subjected to a vibratory pulsating force. These three shaping methods can be considered competing processes. Ulacia, in comprehensive materials processing, 2014. Detonating a charge above the plate rapidly forces the metal into the desired shape. Plastic properties of metals are used during the process of metal forming. Formability of these metals can be increased at higher temperatures, e. Both commercial and military types of explosives for producing parts from sheet metal. The shockwave behaves as a punch, forcing the metal sheet or plate to form in the.
If you have any comments or questions about the glossary, please contact dan davis, editorinchief of the fabricator. The rigidplastic finiteelement method was used to analyze two new problems of metalforming processes. This process can deliver a great deal of flexibility in the metal forming process. Nowadays the engineering and planning process in sheet metal forming is fundamentally supported by cad and cae systems.
Jul 19, 20 in the long and often melancholy history of explosives the constructive use of explosive forces to shape metals is comparatively new. This process can deliver a great deal of flexibility in the metal. Advanced foundry processes metal mould, continuous, squeeze, vacuum mould, evaporative pattern, and ceramic shell casting. Unconfined type explosive forming a gas bubble is also produced which expands spherically and then collapses. Sheet stretch forming is a fast, economical, and accurate way to form a large panel from a metal sheet. Explosive hydroforming is a metal forming technique that uses the energy generated by an explosive detonation to form the metal work piece. The two volume book on sheet metal forming fundamentals and applications, published by asm international, aims to provide practicing engineers, who design products andor processes, with a. Mechanics of sheet metal forming college of engineering. Super plastic forming spf of sheet metal has been used to produce very complex shapes and integrated structures that are often lighter and stronger than the assemblies they have to. Explosive forming definition of explosive forming at. Highspeed metal forming refers to processes of shaping workpieces at forming velocities that may exceed 100 m s. The explosive metal forming process this technique uses the energy generated by an explosive detonation to form the metal work piece. Or the shaping or modifying of metals by means of explosions. On detonation of the explosive charge, a pressure pulse or a shock wave of very high intensity is produced.
In view of the current high level of interest in explosive metal working processes this report has. The results are dynamic and ideal for unique architectural and design expressions. This technique uses the energy generated by an explosive detonation to form the metal work piece. Explosive forming is a metalworking technique in which an explosive charge is used instead of a punch or press. Explosive forming of metal, impact of socioeconomic and technological transformations at national, european and international level isett, institute for world economy, romanian academy, vol. Reflecting handson experience of materials, equipment, tooling and processes used in the industry, this work provides uptodate information on flatrolled sheet metal products. Application of explosives in metal forming request pdf. Examples of alloys are iron and carbon, forming steel, and the. Explosive forming is the forming of sheet metal using explosive materials using large amounts of energy over a very short time.
Mf9223 metal forming processes unit iv powder metallurgy and special forming processes overview of pm technique advantages applications powder preform forging. Analysis and technology in metal forming 29 influence of strainrate i. Metal hardeningprimasheet finds extensive use in hardening metals. Beside the full 3d design process of parts and tools the simulation of sheet. In recent years, enormous progress has been made in the analysis of forming of complex shapes using. Different high velocity forming processes, like gas detonation forming honda and suzuki 1999, cezary and bojar 2008, shepherd 2009, hydrodynamic impact forming skews et al. It is well known in the literature that al alloys, mg alloys, and hssahss have lower roomtemperature formability than mild steels. Electrohydraulic forming of near net shape automotive panels. To estimate compression under the forming conditions it is useful to know that detonation speeds are typically 22. The first schuler metal forming handbook was published in 1930. Processes and applications new processes for explosive metal forming of sheet parts in batch production, adv. Therefore, the workpiece material is deformed at high strain rates hsrs, which gives extended. Explosive forming is an ideal process for producing low volumes of very large metal part with low tooling costs.
Develop rafft in an industrial environment based on dsif. Unlike this older method, which shapes metal using pressurized hydraulic fluid pumped into a forming chamber, herf techniques utilize an explosive charge to create the necessary pressure. Explosive forming is a process in which forces produced by an explosion are used to shape a workpiece. Virtual engineering and planning process in sheet metal. Special forming process sheet metal explosive material. The maxihave been used in forming operations to date. Microstructure evolution in metal forming processes summarises the wealth of recent research on the mechanisms, modelling and control of microstructure evolution during metal forming processes.
Transverse sheet stretch forming press fett up to 12 independently controlled axes allow for the forming of leading edge and fuselage parts. High energy rate forming is the forming of sheet metal by a high energy surge, delivered over a very short time. This presentation will focus on the different uses and methods of explosive forming in the aerospace as well as automotive industry. The high explosives are more commonly used for explosive forming of metals than low explosives. Adamsons work in 1876 and 1877 was perhaps the first related investigation to be described in the scientific literature. Advanced materials in sheet metal forming article pdf available in key engineering materials 581. Explosive forming free download as powerpoint presentation. Fundamentals of metal forming overview of metal forming material behavior in metal forming temperature in metal forming strain rate sensitivity friction and lubrication in metal forming. Advanced forming processes electromagnetic forming, explosive forming, electrohydraulic forming, stretch forming, contour roll forming. Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity. The last edition of 1966, already revised four times, was translated into a number of languages, and met with resounding approval.
Metal forming analysis the introduction of numerical methods, particularly. The process involves stretching the sheet to a calculated yield point and forming it over a tool. Explosive forming is the forming of sheet metal using explosive. Request pdf application of explosives in metal forming the use of explosives in deformation process is one of the most interesting and still insufficiently explored areas. Primasheet flexible sheet explosive detasheet flexible. This process can deliver a great deal of flexibility in. Explosive forming operations can be divided into two groups, depending on the position of the explosive charge relative to the workpiece. Feasibility studies, process streamlining and predicting or compensating.
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